• 道路同调(9) Road synchronization(9)

    连接图上$\Delta_p$的谱考虑增广链复形 0\leftarrow \mathbb{K}\leftarrow \Omega_0\leftarrow \Omega_1\leftarrow \cdots上的增广Laplacian$\widetild...
    ## Connect the spectrum on the graph. Consider the augmented Laplacian on the augmented chain complex 0\leftarrow \mathbb{K}\leftarrow \Omega_0\leftarrow \Omega_1\leftarrow \cdots. Obviously, (scalar transformation) is a matrix that is everywhere. **Lemma 1**. * * **Lemma 2**. ** Just use the inner product and transfer. Note that we have **Theorem
  • 道路同调(8) Road synchronization(8)

    谱分析我们关心$\operatorname{Spec}\Delta_p,$ 特别是其是否有零特征值: $\Delta_pu=0.$ 这样的$u$被称为调和的. 引理 1. $u\in \Omega_p$是调和的当且仅当$\partial u,\par...
    ## Spectral Analysis We care in particular whether it has zero eigenvalues: such is said to be harmonic. **Lemma 1**.
  • 道路同调(7) Road synchronization(7)

    Hodge-Laplacian由内积$\left<{}ex,e_y\right>=\delta{xy}$, 我们可诱导链复形上$\partial$的对偶$\partial^\ast ,$ 使得 \left=\left.我们可以定义$\D...
    ## Hodge-Laplacian From the inner product, we can induce the duality on the chain complex such that \left<{}\partial u,v\right>=\left<{}u,\partial^\ast v\right>. We can define it as a formal Hodge-Laplacian. **Proposition 1**. * is a self-adjoint positive semi-definite operator.* Let be the representation matrix, that is, B_{mi}=\left<{
  • 道路同调(6) Road synchronization(6)

    准备工作引理 1. 若$u\in\mathcal{R}p(X),$ $\varphi\in \mathcal{R}{p’}(X),$ $v\in \mathcal{R}q(Y),$ $\psi\in\mathcal{R}{q’}(Y),$ 则 $\l...
    ## Preparation **Lemma 1**. *If then * Note that where is the projection of , the set of all stepped roads. Next, consider the inner product. **Lemma 2**. * * Note that for road connections, the allowed roads in the connection space are all connections of allowed roads, but not necessarily in the product space. They need to be -invariant. Note that for two roads that only differ by one corner, in order to still allow after finding the boundary, their coefficients should be opposite numbers. Therefore, all roads in
  • 道路同调(5) Road synchronization(5)

    乘积空间对于$X,Y$中的$p,q$道路$ex,e_y,$ 希望定义$e_x\times e_y\in Z=X\times Y.$ 称正则道路$z=z_0\cdots z_r$是阶梯型的, 若$\,\forall\,k=0,\cdots,r-1,$ ...
    ## Product space For the road in , we hope to define that the regular road is said to be stepped, if or let be the projection on, shrink and repeat the points. In the same way. Denote corresponds to a polyline in and be the number of squares below. Denote it as all the stepped roads in **Definition 1**. Removing corners of stepped roads will eliminate some items, leaving only horizontal and vertical roads, respectively.
  • 道路同调(4) Road synchronization(4)

    准备工作定义$\left<{}e{i_0\cdots i_p},e{j0\cdots j_q}\right>=\delta{J}^I,$ 由此扩展到全体正则道路$\mathcal{R}\ast =\bigoplus{p\ge -1} \m...
    ## Preparatory work The definition is thus extended to the pairings on all regular roads. We note that capital letters represent basic roads, and curly letters represent arbitrary roads, that is, various types of spaces spanned by basic roads. **Lemma 1**. * * This is because and are the same if and only if they are respectively the same. **Lemma 2**. * * Note that only at that time, note that \begin{aligned} \partial w&=\sum\limits_{\begi
  • 道路同调(3) Road synchronization(3)

    有向图的连接增广链复形对于链复形 0\xleftarrow{\partial}\Lambda_0\xleftarrow{\partial}\Lambda_1\leftarrow\cdots,我们考虑 0\xleftarrow{\partial} ...
    ## Connections of directed graphs ### Augmented chain complex For the chain complex 0\xleftarrow{\partial}\Lambda_0\xleftarrow{\partial}\Lambda_1\leftarrow\cdots, we consider 0\xleftarrow{\partial} \mathbb{K}\xleftarrow{\partial}\Lambda_0\xlefta
  • 道路同调(2) Road synchronization(2)

    $\Omega_2$结构给定有向图$G=(V,E),$ $\mathcal{A}p=\left<{}e{i0\cdots i_p}:i_0\rightarrow\cdots\rightarrow i_p\right>\mathbb{K},...
    ## Structure The given directed graph is a space spanned by allowed basic roads. Denote the road chain complex formed by then. We know that there is but then only guarantee that is called a semi-directed edge if it is not a directed edge and, but there is a transition point such that is marked as **Theorem 1**. * is the number of semi-directed edges. In fact, it is generated by all triangles, squares, and double arrows. c}
  • 道路同调(1) Road synchronization(1)

    YMSC公开课 定义给定有限集$V,$ 基本$p$-道路为含有$V$中$p+1$个点的序列 e_{i_0\cdots i_p}=\{i_0,\cdots,i_p\}. 固定数域$\mathbb{K},$ $\Lambda_p$为所有基本$p$道路的...
    YMSC Open Course ## Definition Given a finite set, the basic road is a sequence containing points e_{i_0\cdots i_p}=\{i_0,\cdots,i_p\}. The fixed number field is a linear combination of all basic roads, and the elements in it are called roads. Definition \partial e_{i_0\cdots i_p}=\sum_{q=0}^p(-1)^qe_{i_0\cdots \widehat i_q\c
  • 音乐同构 musical isomorphism

    定义音乐同构(musical isomorphism), 又称典范(canonical)同构, 指黎曼流形切丛和余切丛间的同构, 由黎曼度量给出. 黎曼度量$g=g_{ij}dx^i\otimes dx^j$是一个正定二阶的张量场, 每点有映射 \...
    ## Definition **Musical isomorphism** (musical isomorphism), also known as canonical isomorphism, refers to the isomorphism between the tangent bundle and the cotangent bundle of the Riemannian manifold, which is given by the Riemannian metric. The Riemannian metric is a positive definite second-order tensor field, and each point has a mapping \widehat g_x:T_xM\rightarrow T_x^\ast M, such that \widehat g_x(X)(Y)=\left<{}X,Y\